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- x NATION, Page 46Keating Takes the Fifth
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-
- But the last word is yet to be spoken about the thrift fiasco
-
- By Margaret Carlson
-
-
- Until last week financier Charles Keating had insisted on
- being the final witness at congressional hearings on the $2.5
- billion disaster at Lincoln Savings & Loan, so that he could
- rebut the witnesses who had accused him of staving off a federal
- crackdown on his troubled thrift by lavishing money on
- influential politicians. But as the aggressive ex-fighter pilot,
- Olympic swimmer and pillar of the Phoenix business community was
- being sworn in before the House Banking Committee, his right
- hand trembled noticeably. His tanned face flushed, his 6-ft.
- 5-in. frame slumped, Keating, 66, demanded that television
- cameras be turned off. Then he spoke: "On the advice of counsel,
- I respectfully exercise my constitutional prerogative and
- privilege . . . and decline to answer questions here today."
-
- At least five people were probably relieved that the
- normally garrulous financier had kept his mouth shut: the
- Senators who received a total of $1.3 million in contributions
- from Keating. The last time he was asked whether the money he
- gave to California's Alan Cranston, Michigan's Donald Riegle,
- Ohio's John Glenn and Arizona's Dennis DeConcini and John McCain
- had persuaded them to intervene with federal regulators on his
- behalf, Keating baldly declared, "I certainly hope so." Iowa
- Republican Congressman Jim Leach, one of the few members of the
- House Banking Committee who does not accept contributions from
- political action committees, says that if the allegations
- against him are true, Keating is "a financiopath of obscene
- proportions -- the Rev. Jim Bakker of American commerce."
-
- The Government has filed a $1.1 billion fraud and
- racketeering suit to try to recover some of the money that
- Keating and his family are said to have taken out of Lincoln.
- Several class-action suits charging that Keating siphoned off
- millions to sham corporations in Switzerland, Panama and the
- Bahamas have been filed on behalf of 23,000 mainly elderly
- California bondholders. During the two years that Lincoln stayed
- open after the five Senators met with San Francisco bank
- examiners who wanted to shut Lincoln in April 1987, the cost of
- paying off the S & L's federally insured depositors grew to more
- than $2 billion. Along the way, Keating sought the help of an
- astonishing array of Government officials as well as financial
- and accounting experts. To their current embarrassment, some
- agreed:
-
- Alan Greenspan. In 1985 Keating hired the current chairman
- of the Federal Reserve Board, then a private economic
- consultant, to convince the Federal Home Loan Bank Board (FHLBB)
- that Lincoln was sound and should be exempt from a rule limiting
- direct investments in risky enterprises to 10% of a bank's
- portfolio. Though Greenspan wrote to the board on Lincoln's
- behalf in February 1985, the board turned down the exemption
- request. But Government officials who let Keating keep control
- of the S & L still brandish the Greenspan study when they come
- under fire. If Keating could fool a man as smart as Greenspan,
- the argument goes, no wonder he could take in five Senators.
-
- Jack Atchison. In 1986 and 1987 Atchison was a managing
- partner of Arthur Young & Co., the accounting firm that audited
- Lincoln. Under Atchison's direction, the thrift got a clean bill
- of health. Later Atchison took a $930,000-a-year job as a vice
- president with Lincoln's parent company, American Continental
- Corp. Like his boss, Atchison took the Fifth before the
- committee several weeks ago.
-
- Lee Henkel. Keating bragged that he had won a seat on the
- FHLBB for his friend and business associate Henkel (Keating had
- lent more than $60 million to businesses in which Henkel was
- part owner) by lobbying former White House chief of staff Donald
- Regan. Henkel's stint on the board lasted only five months.
- Although he was cleared of any wrongdoing, he resigned after the
- Justice Department and the FHLBB investigated his first official
- act: a motion that would have specifically benefited Keating by
- exempting Lincoln from direct-investment limits.
-
- Lawrence Taggart. The top thrift regulator in California in
- 1983 and 1984, Taggart allowed Keating to transfer $800 million
- in Lincoln's assets to high-risk investments. A month later he
- resigned from the government to become head of a
- Keating-controlled enterprise, TCS Financial Inc. Immediately
- Keating poured nearly $3 million into the business, wiping out
- the debt of the financially ailing firm. A friend of then FHLBB
- head Edwin Gray, who became his bitter enemy, Taggart wrote to
- Don Regan in 1986, calling Gray a "re-regulator" who was having
- a "very adverse impact on the ability of our party to raise
- needed campaign funds."
-
- Though Keating's refusal to testify brought last week's
- hearing to an anticlimactic end, the scandal will soon be
- revived in other forums. The Senate ethics committee has hired
- an outside investigator to probe the Keating Five, and the FBI
- is now in on the investigation. Years may pass before the books
- are finally closed on this fiasco -- and decades before
- taxpayers are finished paying the tab for it.
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